Biography
Leonid Bykov - Honored Artist of the RSFSR, People's Artist of the Ukrainian SSR, from where he came from. In his creative biography, there are no three dozen acting roles. Plus, the work on the sounding of paintings, 7 films that the bulls have served, and another 4, to which the scripts wrote. But almost every film agent, in which the name of Leonid Fedorovich was the name, acquired all-union popularity and became a Soviet classics.Childhood and youth
Legendary Soviet actor, director and screenwriter Leonid Bykov was born in the village of Zamenka, located in the Donetsk region. Parents Fedor Ivanovich and Zinaida Pankratovna are hereditary workers. When the boy was 10 years old, the family moved to the village of roller on the outskirts of Kramatorsk, where Leonid grew up.
Despite the fact that on the scene of the local Palace of the Culture of Bykov began to go to a teenager, the main dream of the future actor was the pilot. In 1943, painting a couple of extra years in the questionnaire, the bulls tries to enter the school of military pilots, but the deception revealed, and the young man did not accept.
After 2 years, Leonid repeated attempted, he was enrolled in the Leningrad 2-Special School for pilots, but before the beginning of study ceased to be a cadet, since with the end of the war, the educational institution was disbanded. Then the bulls returned to the children's enthusiasm theater and filed documents to the Kiev State Institute of Theatrical Art, but it was also waiting for him, probably due to small growth (163 cm).
Leonida was able to become a student of the acting department, Leonida managed only in the Kharkov Theater Institute, at the end of which he went to the scene of the Kharkov academic Ukrainian theater named after Shevchenko. Debut and immediately very bright was the role of styles in the comedy "Street of three Solovyov, 17".
In 1960, Leonid Fedorovich moved to Leningrad at the invitation of the Studio "Lenfilm", where his star like a film actor rises. In the last year of the 60s, he agrees to change the situation and leaving to the capital of Ukraine. There, it becomes the lead actor and director of the city studio named after Dovzhenko, and also writes scenarios for the satirical van of "Fitil".
By bulls, according to the memoirs of her daughter, later the change of film studio considered a big mistake, since he morally did not feel his own in the team due to the straight and open statement of his own opinion.
In the Kiev Studio, Leonid was not allocated to the work office. The famous director sat in the corridor, in a chair under the palm tree, where smokers stuck bulls. It was rumored that when the plant tried to rearrange to another place, it almost worse without nicotine feeding. The tiny room, which and you can't call the cabinet, the bulls got only for the completion of the film "Only" old people "go to battle.
Films
Almost the whole filmography of Leonid Bykov enters the Golden Fund of Soviet Cinema. His debut took place in the production melodrame "Fate of Marina", and then followed the sparkling filmcoming "Tigrov" and Maxim Perepelitsa.
Change comedy roles helped roles in the "May Stars", "Alien Name", in the screening of Roman Yuri Hermann "Dear my man." In 1958, Alexey Batalov invited Bykov to Sinel on the work of Nikolai Gogol. About such a scale did not even dream about this scale, but never played. The main role was glorified by Rolan Bykov, and Leonid did not let go in the theater.
Military film "Volunteers" was very highly appreciated, which is an epic in verses about the lives of Komsomol members, including the Hero of Bykov - Alyosha Akishin. He also brought a painting "Aleshkin Love" painting, in which he demonstrated the Talent of the Romance actor, creating an image of an intelligent, naive geologist with the soul of the in love Romeo.
In 1964, the bulls tries himself and in the director. The first experience on this field is the short-line "like a rope either goes ...", created in Tandem with Herbert Rappoport. The tape did not notice or the viewers or critics, but this did not stop the author. In the comedy "Bunny" he was able to combine the ease of entertainment genre with philosophical issues of morality and decency, thus creating a very strong film.
Leonid Bykov's biggest success expected in the 70s. At first, the military drama "Some" old men "thundered to the whole Soviet Union", shot on his own scenario, and later - another military tape "Ati Bati, soldiers went ...". For many modern versators, the bulls are associated with the roles of the commander of the squadron of Titarenko on the nicknamed Maestro and Efreitor Viktor Svyatkin with a call sign.
These two famous paintings by Bykov came to the screens with the difference in 3 years and became the last films that came out during the lifetime of the artist. "Starikov" the author presented at the film festival to Baku. The jury awarded the film first prize, as well as "Kalina Red" Vasily Shukshina. Leonid personally refused the award in favor of a colleague, which then did not know. Since then, the directors have become friends who do not break the water.
Another remarkable fact is connected with this ribbon. In those years, the work of editors in studios for incomprehensible reasons was estimated much lower than the contribution of role executors, operators and other creators. Bulls chose awards exceeding the monthly salary. Subsequently, other directors stopped bypassing editors to the party.
Leonid himself conducted the selection of actors, and did it delicately, so as not to insult people. He insisted in participating in the picture of Alexei Smirnov, because she loved his senior comrade in his sonym. The actor who was starring in Mikhalych's aircraft, left in May 1979, without having survived the news of the death of Bykov.
Like other actors, Leonid Fedorovich independently performed songs in films. Due to the stylistic features of the Soviet period of the song and the vocal parties were present in almost every film.
In addition, the military drama "There are alone" old men "into battle, which became the most popular picture of Bykov, shot as a musical film, so there was no shortage of songs in his main film. The musical format of the picture is competently intertwined with the script: the bulls played the role of the captain of the squadron, which was called singing.
In 1978, Leonid Fedorovich began withdrawing a new fantastic film "Alien" on the lead of Yevgeny Shatko "Nedellian-73", which was supposed to play alien Glow. Already mounted part of the material and even demonstrated to film crimits, but because of the tragic shooting events, the director Boris Ivchenko ended, who changed the whole cast. The film was released called "Star Mattering" and did not have much success.
Personal life
"In personal life is closed as the reverse side of the moon."So the actor's colleagues responded, about which the female part of the film studio named Dovzhenko dreamed. The only love of Leonid Bykov's wife was the wife of Tamara Konstantinovna, in Major Kravchenko. As their children remember, the couple has retained the reverent attitude towards each other and its own example showed that such love is.The first child of spouses, girl, died in infancy. Then the son of Les appeared (Alexander's passport) and the daughter of Maryan. Son delivered a lot of problems. The service in the army ended with commissioning with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, later the guy contacted a bad company, participated in the store robbery. Leonid saved him from prison, and he himself earned the second heart attack.
After the death of the father, the Les could not stand the operation of the famous name and immigrated to Canada, where he lives with his wife and four sons. And lives on the visissal bull principle:
"Do not ask anything, do not bring accounts, not to humiliate. Love people and apply life - the most valuable thing is in nature. And although the speedometer constantly counts the distance to death, after all, life is a miracle! With pain and joy, with grief and happiness. And the person is simply obliged to live it worthy ... ".According to Maryana, the power broke the fate of a young and quite healthy guy to at least somehow reach the famous actor and director who was not afraid of the party nomenclature and said the truth in the eye.
Maryan with his mother 8 years had to move from place to place. As a result, women settled in Kiev. Bykova's daughter got an editor in the studio Dovzhenko. Tamara Konstantinovna died in 2010.
Death
On April 11, 1979, Leonid Bykov returned from the cottage by the car, recently purchased by the White Volga, and on the Minsk - Kiev highway, near the village of Diffrine, got into a car disaster. The actor wanted to overtake the tractor who worked in front of him and, having left for the oncoming lane, flew into a truck. The injury obtained in the collision and caused death. At the time of the death of the famous artist was 50 years old.
In fact, the accident was a thorough investigation. A young truck driver GAZ-53, with whom the actor encountered, even was preparing to go to jail, but the investigation found that he was innocent. The collision occurred due to an actor error. Theories were also considered that the bulls led the car drunk or that the actor began problems with the heart. But investigative experiments and checks showed that Leonid was sober and healthy and until the last moments pressed on the brake.
Judging by the terrible photo from the scene of the accident, there was no chance. Although the investigator and autoexperts said that Leonid Fedorovich simply did not have enough time to react, a kind of "inexperienced driver syndrome" happened.
Leonid Bykov left a testament addressed to friends, following:
"Let someone alone say the word" goodbye ", and that's it. No need a circus called honors. After that, "DRORSNET" who is how much can. And then let the 2nd squadron coastrates "Darkzhanka" from the beginning to the end ... ".The funeral was held on this scenario, which left the actor. Leonid Bykov also asked relatives not to set a coffin in the Union of Cinematographers and not to arrange a mass farewell, but to call only friends and loved ones. Therefore, only a narrow circle of friends and colleagues were invited to the mourning ceremony, and the actors who played Leonid Bykov in the painting "on the battle are some" old men ", through the tears they performed his favorite song.
Leonid Bykov's grave is located on a bike cemetery, in Kiev (plot number 33, on the border with a plot number 49).
In memory of the large contribution of Bykov in art and culture in the hometown of actor, Kramatorsk was installed a bronze bust. In Kiev, the monument to Leonid Bykov was put in the image of the maestro from "Some" old men "go to battle, sat on the wing of his own aircraft. Also in the capital of Ukraine, the name of the actor is named Boulevard, and the biographical film "... Whose loved everything was loved on the film studio.
Filmography
- 1954 - "Tigrov Tigrite"
- 1955 - "Maxim Perepelitsa"
- 1958 - "Volunteers"
- 1958 - "Quarrel in Lukashah"
- 1958 - "My dear man"
- 1960 - "Aleshkin Love"
- 1964 - "Bunny"
- 1968 - "Scouts"
- 1973 - "One" old men "go to battle
- 1977 - "Ati-Bata, soldiers went"